Measures to Improve Safety on the Roads and Increase Penalties following Recent Spate of Fatal Accidents

2 Ms Joan Pereira asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether the Ministry will consider requiring all drivers, both local and foreign, to attend periodic refresher courses; (b) whether the Ministry will consider enhancing preventive measures, such as but not limited to, the installation of speed limiters on all motor vehicles including passenger cars; and (c) whether the Ministry will consider imposing stricter non-financial criteria for ownership of vehicles and vehicle rentals.

3 Mr Desmond Choo asked the Minister for Home Affairs in view of the recent spate of major road traffic fatal accidents (a) what are the typical causes of such accidents; (b) what mitigation plans will the Ministry implement; and (c) whether there is a need to raise the relevant penalties under the Road Traffic Act 1961.

4 Mr Saktiandi Supaat asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) over the past five years, how many fatal accidents have occurred due to reckless driving and speeding; (b) whether there is a need to review the existing penalties under the Road Traffic Act 1961; (c) whether the Ministry and LTA will consider stricter enforcement measures or legislative changes to ensure greater accountability and discourage dangerous driving; and (d) whether there are plans to intensify campaigns or programmes in educating drivers on speeding and reckless driving and increase road safety awareness.

5 Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs what measures are being taken to improve road safety education for both new and experienced drivers.

6 Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs how is the Singapore Police Force ensuring the enforcement of traffic laws, particularly against reckless driving.

7 Mr Derrick Goh asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether the Government will consider imposing stiffer penalties on risky driving conduct; and (b) whether a major media campaign can be conducted to increase public awareness of responsible driving habits along with the new measures being put in place to curtail fatal road accidents.

8 Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs what support systems are in place for families of road accident victims, especially when the victim is a minor.

9 Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo asked the Minister for Home Affairs in light of the significant increase of traffic accidents resulting in fatalities in 2023 and the recent road accident in Tampines that claimed lives, what measures can be taken to improve road safety for users.

10 Ms Tin Pei Ling asked the Minister for Home Affairs in view of the recent fatal traffic accidents (a) how will enforcement of road safety for both motorists and pedestrians be further enhanced; (b) whether the reporting of drivers' infringement of traffic rules by the public can be made easier; and (c) whether smart enforcement cameras can be installed at all major traffic junctions and zebra crossings.

The Minister of State for Home Affairs (Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim) (for the Minister for Home Affairs): Mr Speaker, may I have your permission to address Question Nos 2 to 10 in today's Order Paper through a combined reply?

Mr Speaker: Please proceed.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: The recent Tampines accident which took two lives shocked and angered many Singaporeans. I am sure I speak for all of us in saying we were all deeply saddened as well. Members have asked many questions, centred on: firstly, our road safety situation; secondly, adequacy of penalties to deter dangerous driving; thirdly, enforcement efforts; and fourthly, measures to improve road safety.

First, Members asked for data on fatal accidents and their causes. In the last five years, the number of accidents resulting in injuries or fatalities has fallen by about 10%, from 7,822 in 2019, to 7,075 in 2023. By this measure, our roads have become safer.

However, if we look at the number of accidents resulting in fatalities, this has increased by about 12%, from 117 in 2019, to 131 in 2023. There were 71 fatal accidents in the first half of 2023 and 60 in the second half of the year.

The top causes of the fatal accidents between 2019 and 2023 were: firstly, failure to keep a proper lookout; and secondly, failure to have proper control of one's vehicle. An average of three fatal accidents per year, or about 2.4% of fatal accidents annually, were investigated under the offence of reckless or dangerous driving causing death. An average of 29 fatal accidents per year, or 27% of fatal accidents annually, were speeding-related. Members may wish to refer to the Annual Road Traffic Situation Report on the Police's website, for more details on the situation in 2023.

Second, Members asked whether we intend to review and increase the penalties under the Road Traffic Act, or RTA. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) had raised the penalties significantly in 2019. Under the RTA, for an offence of dangerous driving causing death, a first-time offender is liable for imprisonment of two to eight years. A repeat offender will be liable for up to 15 years. In addition, an offender could face a minimum 10 years of disqualification from driving, which begins only from the time that the offender is released from prison. Thus a first offender in a serious case could be jailed for a maximum of eight years and not drive for 18 years.

What the laws provide today are already quite stiff. We do regularly review different aspects of the framework. In this context, we have been studying the adequacy of composition amounts and the demerit points framework.

Third, Members asked about our enforcement efforts. Most people know about the regular enforcements that we have. The Traffic Police (TP) has in the last six weeks, also intensified ad hoc enforcements, which has detected close to 1,400 violations and arrested 29 motorists for traffic-related and other offences.

In addition, since last month, TP has progressively activated the speed enforcement function in red-light cameras across the island, especially at locations that are more accident-prone or violation-prone. More than 800 speeding violations have been detected by these cameras thus far.

Whilst enforcement cameras are useful for deterrence, it is not feasible to install them at all traffic junctions and zebra crossings, given terrain limitations and other constraints.

Ms Tin Pei Ling asked whether the reporting of traffic violations by the public can be made easier. The public may conveniently report traffic violations online via the Police's E-Services or Police@SG app, with supporting evidence such as video footage. TP has been taking enforcement action based on such evidence.

Fourth, Members asked about our plans to improve road safety and raised several suggestions. To incentivise safe driving behaviour, eligible motorists may attend the Safe Driving Course and have four demerit points expunged from their record after completing the course. The course aims to re-educate and correct the poor driving behaviours of motorists who have accumulated a significant number of demerit points.

12.11 pm

Mr Speaker: Order. Minister of State Faishal Ibrahim, can I request for you to take a seat first. I have an announcement to make.

The following questions were moved earlier –

Ms Joan Pereira asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether the Ministry will consider requiring all drivers, both local and foreign, to attend periodic refresher courses; (b) whether the Ministry will consider enhancing preventive measures, such as but not limited to, the installation of speed limiters on all motor vehicles including passenger cars; and (c) whether the Ministry will consider imposing stricter non-financial criteria for ownership of vehicles and vehicle rentals.

Mr Desmond Choo asked the Minister for Home Affairs in view of the recent spate of major road traffic fatal accidents (a) what are the typical causes of such accidents; (b) what mitigation plans will the Ministry implement; and (c) whether there is a need to raise the relevant penalties under the Road Traffic Act 1961.

Mr Saktiandi Supaat asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) over the past five years, how many fatal accidents have occurred due to reckless driving and speeding; (b) whether there is a need to review the existing penalties under the Road Traffic Act 1961; (c) whether the Ministry and LTA will consider stricter enforcement measures or legislative changes to ensure greater accountability and discourage dangerous driving; and (d) whether there are plans to intensify campaigns or programmes in educating drivers on speeding and reckless driving and increase road safety awareness.

Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs what measures are being taken to improve road safety education for both new and experienced drivers.

Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs how is the Singapore Police Force ensuring the enforcement of traffic laws, particularly against reckless driving.

Mr Derrick Goh asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether the Government will consider imposing stiffer penalties on risky driving conduct; and (b) whether a major media campaign can be conducted to increase public awareness of responsible driving habits along with the new measures being put in place to curtail fatal road accidents.

Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan asked the Minister for Home Affairs what support systems are in place for families of road accident victims, especially when the victim is a minor.

Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo asked the Minister for Home Affairs in light of the significant increase of traffic accidents resulting in fatalities in 2023 and the recent road accident in Tampines that claimed lives, what measures can be taken to improve road safety for users.

Ms Tin Pei Ling asked the Minister for Home Affairs in view of the recent fatal traffic accidents (a) how will enforcement of road safety for both motorists and pedestrians be further enhanced; (b) whether the reporting of drivers' infringement of traffic rules by the public can be made easier; and (c) whether smart enforcement cameras can be installed at all major traffic junctions and zebra crossings.

Mr Speaker: We will continue with Question Time now. Order, order. Minister of State Faishal Ibrahim.

The Minister of State for Home Affairs (Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim): Welcome to Singapore Parliament, Your Majesty.

Mr Speaker, Sir, may I continue?

Mr Speaker: Please do.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: The Traffic Police (TP) has also been intensifying its education and engagement efforts. It works with various partners and stakeholders, including the Singapore Road Safety Council, SBS Transit and Grab, to organise events and campaigns to promote road safety. TP will be publishing a series of road safety videos in the second half of 2024. We welcome more partners and stakeholders to join our road safety initiatives to develop a culture of responsible road usage.

Members asked how road infrastructure can be modified or improved to enhance safety. TP works closely with the Land Transport Authority (LTA) on this. The Ministry of Transport will provide details in its reply later.

Ms Pereira asked whether we will require all drivers to attend periodic refresher courses. The refresher course is optional today. It caters to drivers who have not driven for several years. We do not think it is useful to mandate the refresher course for all motorists. Only a minority of motorists are involved in accidents. The very large majority of motorists stay offence-free for many years, if not, the entire period of their driving history. Most accidents happen because of poor road behaviour, rather than inexperience.

[Deputy Speaker (Ms Jessica Tan Soon Neo) in the Chair]

Ms Pereira asked if we should mandate speed limiters on all vehicles. We have to balance the benefits with the costs. For now, we assess that it would suffice to mandate installation of speed limiters for lorries. This is ongoing and will be completed by June 2027.

Mr Patrick Tay asked about support for families of accident victims. The Police refer families who require support to Social Service Offices or Family Service Centres, depending on their circumstances and needs. Those requiring mental health support are referred to mental health helplines and counselling services, which are run by trained professionals or the Institute of Mental Health.

Madam, the Government is strongly committed to doing all we can to keep our roads safe. However, I would like to re-emphasise that we cannot succeed alone. Road safety is necessarily a shared responsibility and we urge all road users to play their part.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Ms Joan Pereira.

Ms Joan Pereira (Tanjong Pagar): Thank you, Deputy Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for the reply. I have one supplementary question. Would the Ministry consider requiring the installation of speed limiters on vehicles or drivers new to Singapore roads? For example, within two years of obtaining a driving licence, or maybe for foreigners, within two years of converting a driving licence to drive in Singapore?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Madam, I thank the Member for the supplementary question. As I have shared in my answer, we feel that it is not necessary at this moment. Nevertheless, we will continue to monitor the situation.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Mr Desmond Choo.

Mr Desmond Choo (Tampines): I thank the Minister of State for his reply. This is with reference to the most tragic accident in Tampines. Many of our colleagues in Tampines and Pasir Ris have received many comments from our residents, seeking answers on how we can prevent this similar incident from happening.

Without prejudicing the investigation, can the Minister of State share further with regard to this particular case, what are the steps taken to mitigate against such potential accidents and prevent such tragic cases from happening again?

And secondly, can the Minister of State also share, compared to 10 to 15 years ago, especially in those particular areas, are our roads safer today?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Madam, I thank the Member for the supplementary questions. I will answer the second question first. If you look back and you look at the trend of the accidents, in fact, today, our roads are safer compared to 10 or 15 years ago. The number of fatalities last year was lower, compared to 10 years ago, in 2013, for example, and the number of injury accidents last year was also lower than pre-pandemic years.

With regard to the first question, I have also answered some parts of it in my main answer. As I also shared, we are looking further at the demerit points and the composition framework, to further enhance the road safety ecosystem. That is one part. The other part is, I think, as I have shared earlier, road safety is necessarily a shared responsibility. I am very happy to see that over the years, more and more Community Partners have come on board to join in this effort.

Just yesterday morning, I was with Senior Minister of State Sim Ann to launch a very meaningful programme undertaken by her grassroots organisations, as well as with the stakeholders. She and her grassroots' leaders noticed that the traffic situation in the Watten Estate and Hillcrest area would require some localised touch in regards to road safety. So, what they have done is, they have worked with the agencies to install reminders to motorists to say, "You will take one minute to arrive at the junction of Dunearn Road", for example. So, this gives that opportunity for the riders to internalise the time, so they do not have to rush, especially in areas where there are many other stakeholders who are vulnerable, like school children. Yesterday, I saw many young children there.

I am happy that such local initiatives would help us. TP continues to work with the ground. For example, we have published a book for preschool students and we have been going around to preschools to engage the students, their parents and the teachers. We also recently launched the "Reward the Sensible Motorists" campaign. Yesterday, Senior Minister of State Sim Ann and I rewarded a motorist, who was pleasantly surprised that he was stopped by TP to give commendation to him.

So, these are things that I hope we can work together on, to really make the term "Road Safety is Necessarily a Shared Responsibility" alive for our people, so that we can help to save lives and bring goodness to people around us.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Mr Saktiandi Supaat.

Mr Saktiandi Supaat (Bishan-Toa Payoh): Thank you, Mdm Deputy Speaker. First of all, I would like to share my condolences to the families that were affected by the tragic events in Tampines. Mdm Deputy Speaker, I would like to ask the Minister of State two supplementary questions. The first supplementary question is, in his reply, he mentioned that almost 27% of the cases were from speeding, or almost one-third of it. May I ask the Minister of State, since the RTA review was done in 2019, which was almost five years ago, can he share whether the incidences or cases have actually been reduced?

And a related question to that is, I had asked in my original Parliamentary Question, whether there will be stricter enforcements or legislative changes and from that, to what extent or thresholds would the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and LTA look at to enhance the RTA going forward, in terms of threshold levels?

My second supplementary question is in relation to road rage handling. The Minister of State mentioned that there will be enhanced road safety efforts, but can there be efforts to ensure that there is an embedding of how we handle road rage – as motorists, drivers or pedestrians. So, dealing with road rage and whether this can form a part of educating new and experienced drivers going forward?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: I thank the Member for the supplementary question. We will take the feedback in his second supplementary question. Road rage is serious. We not only work with the stakeholders' agencies, we also work with the trade associations, like the Motor Traders Association of Singapore, and see how we can make things better and how to address it well.

With regard to speeding related issues, in fact, if you look at the statistics, we publish some of them in TP's annual reports. The 2023 figure for speeding related accidents is lowest between 2017 and 2023. The post-pandemic average figure is higher than the pre-pandemic figure, mostly driven by high numbers in 2021, if you look at the figure. However, from the average perspective, it is lower. So, it may go up and down, depending on the years. However, 2023 is the lowest that we have.

For example, the number of speeding related accidents in 2020 was 757. In 2021, 984. In 2022, it went up to 1,138. However, in 2023, it went down to 624. So, essentially, it has gone down.

The number of red-light running accidents as well – these are sometimes related to speeding – from 2020, we have 119; in 2021, 136; in 2022, we have 137; in 2023, we have 112. So, you can see from there.

So, that is how the situation is. Essentially, we are seeing a reduction in the number of speeding related accidents. So, we continue to do this and with the new device that we have started on 1 April – the red-light cameras that can detect the speeding element – we hope that will provide additional deterrence so that people will be mindful before they speed.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Mr Liang Eng Hwa.

Mr Liang Eng Hwa (Bukit Panjang): Thank you, Madam. I would like to ask the Minister of State, these days, we do often see the public uploading videos of near misses or dangerous driving on the roads on social media platforms, like the SG Road Vigilantes and other platforms. So, can I ask the Minister of State, how does TP treat these videos, whether these are considered sufficient evidence for TP to take enforcement actions on possible violations?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: With the era of social media and also online platforms, TP embraces them. We look at some of this evidence and also, we are often being tagged whenever there are posts. This is in addition to the platforms that we have, which I had shared earlier, in reply to Ms Tin Pei Ling's queries.

So, on average, we receive around 30,000 traffic violation reports such as these every year, which shows many members of the public are already able to access the e-services. We constantly try to look at how we can improve our platforms. Ms Tin has shared some feedback and we have taken it back.

As for posting on social media, some of these platforms that we are familiar with, we look at it and we take that seriously, to investigate. But it does not mean we will just take on board everything that we see, what we want to see is part of the investigation process, so that we can enhance the evidential part of it, as well as we want to make sure that we navigate today's landscape together, with what we can find in technology.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: There are still quite a few hands up. I would ask Members to keep your questions brief and also your answers brief. Mr Patrick Tay.

Mr Patrick Tay Teck Guan (Pioneer): I thank the Minister of State for the response. I just have two supplementary questions. Firstly, in the case where there is a traffic accident, when there is a rash, negligent or careless driving causing death, how does TP or the Prosecution handle this? Because you can either proceed under RTA as careless driving, or you proceed under section 304A in the Penal Code. So, I see a disparity in some of these and so, how do we go about that, to decide the eventual punishment as meted out?

The second question, we also see, at some of these major junctions and areas that are a bit more vulnerable to accidents, this point of presence by TP, I was just wondering whether these days, is there a shortfall of TP officers or enforcement on the ground?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Madam, I thank the Member for the supplementary questions. For the first question, of course, we have to look at all the evidence. At the end of the day, the Courts' system is such that the Judges will have the different levers to look at.

However, from our point of view, when we find there is an accident, we will look at the evidence and then we will relate the evidence to which part of the Act that we want to take on. Similarly, for the case that we have, for the Tampines case.

For the numbers of TP officers, in fact, the numbers have been going up since 2022. So, the number of TP officers has gone up. Also, we deploy our officers based on the operational needs and they can only go out after they have received the necessary training. It is not easy to ride the bike. You need skills and you need to be able to develop this experience. I must say, because I work very closely with TP, we have very good officers. We know our weather is very hot and, sometimes, it rains heavily. Sometimes, when I meet them after they come back from their operations, they are all sweating. And, sometimes, when I visit, we see that there are TP officers conducting some speed camera operations. But when I get there and I speak to them, I find they have stood there for hours and sometimes under the hot sun. So, it is not easy work, but it is necessary so that we can keep our roads safe.

In addition to that, we also augment processes with technology. So, today, we see a lot more use of cameras and also devices that will help them in their work.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Mr Vikram Nair.

Mr Vikram Nair (Sembawang): Two questions for the Minister of State. First, I think the Minister of State indicated there will be more use of cameras at traffic light junctions. But how about stretches of roads where there are no traffic lights? In this House, I had asked about Woodlands Avenue 5 previously, where I have had residents post a lot of videos of what they believe to be speeding. We had asked for cameras because we know that TP are short on manpower. But I think, at that time, they said the incidence rate was not above the average. So, in line with rolling out more cameras at junctions, will they also roll out more along roads?

The second supplementary question is whether or not the Minister of State would consider having more serious penalties for dangerous or careless driving where there is death or grievous bodily harm. Currently, I think for careless driving, if it causes death, it is up to three years in jail for the first offence and double for repeat offences. For grievous bodily harm, it is up to two years in jail or double for repeat offences. This is for careless driving. For causing death, it is two to eight years, and one to five years for causing grievous hurt. This seems a little low for the seriousness of the injuries and so, whether we can consider increasing the penalties for that.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: As I have shared in my answer, we feel that our penalties and punishment framework is already stiff. If you compare it with other parts of the world, our road safety situation is actually much better than in many parts of the world. And I have also shared that we regularly review the framework that we have.

The other thing about the area that the Member has shared with us, the process is that when we receive feedback, our TP officers will monitor the situation. We work with grassroots organisations and then we assess whether it is really that serious. If we find that something that can be managed, we will make our presence there. And we will also try other levers to address the issue.

So, I thank the Member for sharing this with us. We will continue to monitor. I understand that the area, the road that the Member was sharing about, if there are no reminders, there are no enforcement efforts, those with no road safety behaviour may speed and may cause danger to the public.

Mdm Deputy Speaker: Mr Dennis Tan.

Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong (Hougang): Mdm Deputy Speaker, I have two supplementary questions. The first question relates to the earlier question that my hon friend Mr Vikram has asked. And I hear the Minister of State on the answer he gave that the Government intends to keep to the same punishments as per the current law. Can I ask whether in light of the recent serious accidents, would the Government look into the possibility of refining the application of the sentencing guidelines, for example, the two to eight years, but perhaps applying more stringently as compared to the past, but still keeping within the punishment legislated?

My second supplementary question is: would TP or MHA look into enhancing the current public education drive to promote safe driving, including more patience among drivers, to be more considerate to other road users?

And let me elaborate on more patience. I think all of us here would have frequently experienced that whenever the light changes to green, there will be immediately somebody pressing their honk. It is almost like they want to press the honk as soon as the light turns to green. That, to me, reflects on a very general symptom of impatience among drivers, perhaps not just at the traffic junction, but generally. And I believe that this impatience is a frequent cause of accidents. Also, in terms of being considerate to the users, for example, to encourage more heavy vehicles and goods vehicles not to keep right, but to try to keep left whenever possible. Just an example.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: I thank the Member for the question. With regard to the first supplementary question, we look at the facts of the case. I assure the Member that we will exercise what we are provided for under the law to commensurate with the culpability of the person who caused the accident. And this is something that we want to ensure that we have – a fair and just system. I want to assure the Member this.

[Mr Speaker in the Chair]

Second, about the road safety education effort, yes, I am happy that the Member also supports what we have been doing to promote education among our populace. We start from young. As I have shared earlier, we have published a book and we will be going around to the different communities or schools and to share with them such initiatives and the books. We have received very good support from the parents, the children as well as the teachers.

Yesterday, as I have shared, I joined Senior Minister of State Sim Ann. The values that we want to promote are kindness, driving safely and we work together with the Singapore Kindness Movement on it. They came, they helped us to design the platforms that we used. This is one way where we can work together to make things better. However, every one of us has to play a part.

TP can do this, LTA can do the different infrastructure and grassroots organisations like those in Senior Minister of State Sim Ann's area can do that. But if we do not play our part, then nothing will change. So, we want every one of us to play a part because that helps to save the lives of our families, including ourselves.

Mr Speaker: Mr Gan Thiam Poh.

Mr Gan Thiam Poh (Ang Mo Kio): Sir, I just want to check whether there is a study on the timing when most accidents occur and then the TP can pay attention to those certain timings of the day. That is my question.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Accidents happen not only according to timing. So, even in the hours of the day or night when there are no vehicles, accidents have happened. At times, accidents happen during peak periods. So, the whole idea is not about timing alone. I think it is about the behaviour. So, we want to make sure we enhance the behaviour of people.

We have looked at the various factors of accidents, why accidents happened. Essentially, it is about the lack of control of their vehicle. They did not look out sufficiently for traffic or their own presence along that road.

So, it is beyond timing. There are many other factors that affect why accidents happen.

Mr Speaker: Ms Sylvia Lim.

Ms Sylvia Lim (Aljunied): Thank you, Speaker. One supplementary question for the Minister of State. I wonder whether the Minister of State will agree with me that the public education efforts that the Government is undertaking could also focus a bit more on some aspects of the driving culture which I detect has a certain permissive attitude towards speed. I will just give an example.

On any given day, if you are driving on the highway in lane one at the speed limit, cars will blow their horns at you and overtake you from the left. Whereas in some other countries that I have been to, you will see other motorists, the moment you exceed the speed limit, other motorists honk at you to slow down.

So, I wonder whether TP could look into this aspect and see how society, as a whole, we can help one another to make the road safer because, after all, it is not about cameras and about TP being everywhere, but it is really about a broad-based safety culture that we all want to have.

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Sir, I thank the Member for the supplementary question. Yes, indeed, it is something that we need to develop holistically as a society. So, we work together with the Singapore Kindness Movement, the Singapore Road Safety Council, as well as organisations around.

At the end of the day, we need to internalise this whole element within each of us that there are people around us who are also using the road; it is not only us alone. And these people or road users have families and they are going to do their activities, the more care will be applied in the way we use our devices on the road. So, this is an ongoing journey that we want to continue.

I am very heartened, like what I shared, over the years, we are seeing more and more people coming on board to support this effort. And if we look back, as I shared earlier, 10 or 15 years before till today, our roads are safer.

Mr Speaker: Ms Carrie Tan.

Ms Carrie Tan (Nee Soon): Speaker, I would like to ask the Minister of State whether they will consider a joint campaign or some joint trainings together with our recently set up mental well-being department. Because a lot of these examples of road rage, inability to give way, anxiety and impatience on the roads are actually stemming from a lot of emotional and mental stresses that people may not be able to regulate themselves. So, does the Minister of State see opportunities to collaborate with the Mental Well-being Taskforce on such matters?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: Sir, the short answer is we welcome any form of collaboration to save lives.